Are really Dogs Colorblind?
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Most human retinas, by contrast, contain three kinds of cones, allowing them to see more of the wavelengths along the visible spectrum.

And like people with red-green colorblindness, dogs perceive colors differently than humans with normal color vision. For dogs, what most people see as red most likely appears to be dark brown, while green, yellow and orange all look “yellowish.” Something that looks blue-green to humans — say, the ocean or a pool of water — looks gray to a dog, and purple objects just look blue.

“A lot of the time there are good cues to help them figure it out; for example, red objects tend to be darker than green objects,” Neitz said. “So, if it’s a dark apple, a red-green color-blind person would know that it’s probably a red one, and if it’s a lighter apple, it may be a Granny Smith.”
But just because your color vision is likely superior to your pet’s, that doesn’t mean your overall eyesight is better than a dog’s. Researchers have found that dogs evolved to see clearly even in the absence of light.